Multiple Eras:

ANCIENT CONQUEST

by R.J. Hlavnicka for Excalibre Games, 1975
The ancient world of the Near East is depicted, not with areas, but on a hex-grid with counters that contain combat and movement points. All of a player's nations are played together and can even combine in defense, thought not in attack. There is no economic mechanism, so no new pieces are received as a result of occupation, only scheduled reinforcements. times. Many of the point goals are for taking cities. There is no stacking except in cities. The only other way to score points is to destroy enemy combat factors. G

ANCIENT CONQUEST II

by Dennis P. O'Leary & R.J. Hlavnicka for Excalibre Games, 1978
A re-working of the immediately preceding game, the extensions include Persians and Greeks through Alexander. G

ANCIENT EMPIRES

by Steven Mathers (self published), 1998 G

ANTIKE

by Max Gerdts for Eggert Spiele & Rio Grande Games, 2005
Strategic level war across the Mediterranean, including Romans and also Greeks, Germans, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Persians, Arabs, Egyptians and Babylonians. Review

BARBARIANS

by Keith Poulter, 1994
Series of scenarios on various Roman campaigns against their neighbors and invasions of the Empire. Quite similar to Eagles. Some scenarios are better than others, both in terms of balance and rules clarity. Grognards criticize the game a bit for not having enough detail, but the maps look wonderful regardless of possible inaccuracy and it is a good introduction to the topic.
Review More

EMPIRES OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

by Martin Wallace for Warfrog, 2000
General ancient world in a Mediterranean setting. [summary] [variant]

HISTORY OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE

by Marco Broglia for Udo Grebe Gamedesign, 2008
2-4 players
In seven game turns covers the period from 60 BC to 476 AD, obviously rather abstractly. Still there are 42 named emperor counters and 34 differently-named barbarian groups. Each player represents a nebulous Roman faction as well as a barbarian group. Players compete to control the most areas for the most points. Works best for four.

HISTORY OF THE WORLD

by Gary Dicken & Steve Kendall (the Ragnar Brothers) for Gibson/Avalon Hill, 1991
History of the world's empires from earliest recorded times to 1914. Most of the largest empires in the Seven Ages of Man sweep across the earth to score points. Although it has its unrealities and omissions, who can ignore such a grand sweep of all our yesterdays? [Millennial scenario] [background] [playback] G

IMPERATOR

by William L. Banks for 3W, 1998
Re-issue of King of Kings (immediately below). G

IMPERATOR

by Frédéric Bey for Vae Victis, 2001
Rome vs. all of the barbarians and usurpers which appear randomly. Map stretches from Scotland to Arabia and features area-movement. Combat is resolved via Combat Results Table. Appears in Vae Victis no. 42. A scenario in no. 43 simulates the period from Marcus Aurelius to Caracalla.

IMPERIUM ROMANUM

by Albert A. Nofi for West End Games, 1979
Various battles and campaigns from the Republic and Empire all the way to Justinian. Fascinating set of scenarios and maps, but the accounting necessary overwhelms attempts to play. G

IMPERIUM ROMANUM II

by Albert A. Nofi for West End Games, 1985
Revised version of the above. G

IMPERIUM ROMANUM LITE

by David Kershaw for DK Games, 1999
Simplified version of the above. Now uses area movement. Scenarios are "Octavian versus Antony and Cleopatra", "Justinian and the reconquest of the Western Roman Empire" and "Heraclius vs Chosrou and the Avars".

ITALIA

by Andreas Steding for Phalanx Games, 2006
Events in the Italian Peninsula from the 400 BC sack of Rome to 1080 AD. The history of the Italian peninsula, Roman Africa and Illyricum from the foundation of Rome to the consolidation of Julius Caesar in the first scenario and in the second, from the invasions of the Visigoths to the consolidation of Charlemagne.
More at Andreas' site

KING OF KINGS

by William L. Banks for Good Industries, 1990
Includes scenarios including Roman wars.
Review More G

MARE MEDITERRANEUM

by Jean de Poél for Historien Spielegalerie, 1989
Trading around the ancient Mediterranean Sea from 300 BC.
Includes ancient Rome.
[Review: Kulkmann] [Rules: Game Cabinet] [Brettspiele]

MARE NOSTRUM

by Serge Laget for Descartes Editeur/Eurogames, 2003
Trading and fighting around the ancient Mediterranean Se.
Besides ancient Rome includes Greeks, Carthage, Babylon, Persia. Supplemented by a 2005 expansion kit: Mare Nostrum - Mythology Expansion. [Review]

PAX ROMANA

by Richard H. Berg for GMT Games, 2006
1-4 players
Europe from 300 BC to the end of the first century BC, emphasizing strategic operations, raising armies, colonization, fighting barbarians and maintaining political stability at home. Scenarios include conflicts against Carthage, Greeks, Seleucids, etc. Components: one map, 55 cards, 400+ counters, various play aids and charts.

PENINSULA ITALICA

by Camelot, 1993
Wars between tribes in Italian peninsula from earliest memory to conquest by Rome. G

REPUBLIC OF CARTHAGE

by Rick Heli, 1998
Carthaginian Senate from first expansions right down to the Third Punic War (and beyond?).
[Website]

REPUBLIC OF ROME

by Richard Berthold for Avalon Hill, 1990
Roman Senate from the first Punic War to the end of the Republic. An Illuminati-style influence game with a negotiation and shared empire building game layered on top. Three games in one (with a probable duration to match). Intrigue in unending complexity with subtleties probably unrealized by most players. Very historical. [analysis] [errata] [timeline] [summary] [war summary] [